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Cyanovirin-N inhibits AIDS virus infections in vaginal transmission models

  1. Author:
    Tsai, C. C.
    Emau, P.
    Jiang, Y. H.
    Agy, M. B.
    Shattock, R. J.
    Schmidt, A.
    Morton, W. R.
    Gustafson, K. R.
    Boyd, M. R.

  2. Author Address

    Tsai, CC, Univ Washington, Natl Primate Res Ctr, Box 357330,1705 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA Univ Washington, Natl Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. St George Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Infect Dis, London SW17 0RE, England. NCI, Mol Targets Dev Program, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Frederick, MD USA. Univ S Alabama, Coll Med, USA Canc Res Inst, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
    1. Year: 2004
  2. Journal: Aids Research and Human Retroviruses
    1. 20
    2. 1
    3. Pages: 11-18
  4. Type of Article: Article
  1. Abstract:

    The cyanobacterial protein cyanovirin-N (CV-N) potently inactivates diverse strains of HIV-1 and other lentiviruses due to irreversible binding of CV-N to the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120. In this study, we show that recombinant CV-N effectively blocks HIV-1(Ba-L) infection of human ectocervical explants. Furthermore, we demonstrate the in vivo efficacy of CV-N gel in a vaginal challenge model by exposing CV-N-treated female macaques ( Macaca fascicularis) to a pathogenic chimeric SIV/HIV-1 virus, SHIV89.6P. All of the placebo-treated and untreated control macaques ( 8 of 8) became infected. In contrast, 15 of 18 CV-N-treated macaques showed no evidence of SHIV infection. Further, CV-N produced no cytotoxic or clinical adverse effects in either the in vitro or in vivo model systems. Together these studies suggest that CV-N is a good candidate for testing in humans as an anti-HIV topical microbicide

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