Skip NavigationSkip to Content

Anticoagulants Influence the Performance of In Vitro Assays Intended for Characterization of Nanotechnology-Based Formulations

  1. Author:
    Cedrone, Edward
    Neun, Barry
    Rodriguez, Jamie
    Vermilya, Alison
    Clogston, Jeffrey
    McNeil, Scott
    Barenholz, Yechezkel
    Szebeni, Janos
    Dobrovolskaia, Marina [ORCID]
  2. Author Address

    Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. edward.cedrone@nih.gov., Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. neunb@mail.nih.gov., Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. rodriguezjc@mail.nih.gov., Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. alison.vermilya@nih.gov., Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. clogstonj@mail.nih.gov., Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. mcneils@mail.nih.gov., Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. chezyb@gmail.com., Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University Nagyv 225;rad t 233;r 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary. jszebeni2@gmail.com., SeroScience Ltd., Nagyv 225;rad t 233;r 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary. jszebeni2@gmail.com., Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. marina@mail.nih.gov.,
    1. Year: 2018
    2. Date: Jan
    3. Epub Date: 2017 12 21
  1. Journal: Molecules
    1. 23
    2. 1
    3. Pages: pii: E12
  2. Type of Article: Article
  3. Article Number: 12
  4. ISSN: 1420-3049
  1. Abstract:

    The preclinical safety assessment of novel nanotechnology-based drug products frequently relies on in vitro assays, especially during the early stages of product development, due to the limited quantities of nanomaterials available for such studies. The majority of immunological tests require donor blood. To enable such tests one has to prevent the blood from coagulating, which is usually achieved by the addition of an anticoagulant into blood collection tubes. Heparin, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and citrate are the most commonly used anticoagulants. Novel anticoagulants such as hirudin are also available but are not broadly used. Despite the notion that certain anticoagulants may influence assay performance, a systematic comparison between traditional and novel anticoagulants in the in vitro assays intended for immunological characterization of nanotechnology-based formulations is currently not available. We compared hirudin-anticoagulated blood with its traditional counterparts in the standardized immunological assay cascade, and found that the type of anticoagulant did not influence the performance of the hemolysis assay. However, hirudin was more optimal for the complement activation and leukocyte proliferation assays, while traditional anticoagulants citrate and heparin were more appropriate for the coagulation and cytokine secretion assays. The results also suggest that traditional immunological controls such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS ) are not reliable for understanding the role of anticoagulant in the assay performance. We observed differences in the test results between hirudin and traditional anticoagulant-prepared blood for nanomaterials at the time when no such effects were seen with traditional controls. It is, therefore, important to recognize the advantages and limitations of each anticoagulant and consider individual nanoparticles on a case-by-case basis.

    See More

External Sources

  1. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010012
  2. PMID: 29267243
  3. WOS: 000425082500011
  4. PII : molecules23010012

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2017-2018
NCI at Frederick

You are leaving a government website.

This external link provides additional information that is consistent with the intended purpose of this site. The government cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal site.

Linking to a non-federal site does not constitute an endorsement by this institution or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the site. You will be subject to the destination site's privacy policy when you follow the link.

ContinueCancel