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Polyethyleneimine/polyethylene glycol-conjugated gold nanoparticles as nanoscale positive/negative controls in nanotoxicology: testing in frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus and mammalian tissue culture system

  1. Author:
    Hwang,Rich Yooseok
    So,Daeho
    Lee,Moonsup
    Yoon,Jaeho
    Reipa, Vytas
    Tona, Alessandro
    Yi, Feng
    Nelson, Bryant C
    LaVan, David A
    Hackley, Vincent A
    Daar,Ira
    Cho, Tae Joon
  2. Author Address

    National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA., Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.,
    1. Year: 2023
    2. Date: Mar 15
    3. Epub Date: 2023 03 15
  1. Journal: Nanotoxicology
    1. Pages: 1-22
  2. Type of Article: Article
  1. Abstract:

    Despite the great potential of using positively charged gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in nanomedicine, no systematic studies have been reported on their synthesis optimization or colloidal stability under physiological conditions until a group at the National Institute of Standards and Technology recently succeeded in producing remarkably stable polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated AuNPs (Au-PEI). This improved version of Au-PEI (Au-PEI25kB) has increased the demand for toxicity and teratogenicity information for applications in nanomedicine and nanotoxicology. In vitro assays for Au-PEI25kB in various cell lines showed substantial active cytotoxicity. For advanced toxicity research, the frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus (FETAX) method was employed in this study. We observed that positively-charged Au-PEI25kB exhibited significant toxicity and teratogenicity, whereas polyethylene glycol conjugated AuNPs (Au-PEG) used as comparable negative controls did not. There is a characteristic avidity of Au-PEI25kB for the jelly coat, the chorionic envelope (also known as vitelline membrane) and the cytoplasmic membrane, as well as a barrier effect of the chorionic envelope observed with Au-PEG. To circumvent these characteristics, an injection-mediated FETAX approach was utilized. Like treatment with the FETAX method, the injection of Au-PEI25kB severely impaired embryo development. Notably, the survival/concentration curve that was steep when the standard FETAX approach was employed became gradual in the injection-mediated FETAX. These results suggest that Au-PEI25kB may be a good candidate as a nanoscale positive control material for nanoparticle analysis in toxicology and teratology.

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External Sources

  1. DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2187322
  2. PMID: 36919473

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2022-2023
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