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Humoral Immunity Profiling to Pandemic and Bat-Derived Coronavirus Variants: A Geographical Comparison

  1. Author:
    Fathi, Parinaz [ORCID]
    Alfonso, Andrea Lucia
    Yek, Christina
    Putman, Zoe
    Drew,Matt
    Esposito,Dom
    Zaidi, Irfan
    Chea, Sophana
    Ly, Sokna
    Sath, Rathanak
    Lon, Chanthap
    Chea, Huch
    Leang, Rithea
    Huy, Rekol
    Ly, Sovann
    Seng, Heng
    Tan, Chee Wah
    Zhu, Feng
    Wang, Lin-Fa
    Oliveira, Fabiano
    Sadtler, Kaitlyn [ORCID]
    Manning, Jessica

  2. Author Address

    Section on Immunoengineering, Biomedical Engineering and Technology Acceleration Center, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA., Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD, 20892, USA., Protein Expression Laboratory, NCI RAS Initiative, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA., Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA., International Center of Excellence in Research Cambodia, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Phnom Penh, 120801, Cambodia., National Center for Parasitology, Entomology, and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, 120801, Cambodia., Cambodian Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, 120407, Cambodia., Programme for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 169857, Singapore, Singapore., Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore, Singapore.,
    1. Year: 2024
    2. Date: Oct 29
    3. Epub Date: 2024 10 29
  2. Journal: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
    1. Pages: e2403503
  4. Type of Article: Article
  5. Article Number: e2403503
  1. Abstract:

    Dynamic pathogen exposure may impact the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2). One potential explanation for the lack of severe SCV2-related morbidity and mortality in Southeast Asia is prior exposure to related betacoronaviruses. Recent discoveries of SCV2-related betacoronaviruses from horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus sinicus) in Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia suggest the potential for bat-to-human spillover exposures in the region. In this work, serum antibodies to protein constructs from SCV2 and a representative bat coronavirus isolated in Cambodia (RshSTT182) are measured in pre-pandemic Cambodian human sera using ELISA assays. Of 293 Cambodian samples tested (N = 131 with acute malaria, n = 162 with acute undifferentiated febrile illness), 32 (10.9%) are seropositive for SCV2 based on established Spike and receptor-binding domain (RBD) cutoffs. Within SCV2 seropositive samples, 16 (50%) have higher antibody levels to antigens from the representative virus RshSTT182 versus SCV2 antigens; competitive binding ELISA assays demonstrate inhibition of reactivity to SCV2 Spike after pre-incubation with RshSTT182 Spike. Surrogate virus neutralization tests demonstrate that 8/30 (26.7%) SCV2 ELISA positive pre-pandemic Cambodian samples have neutralizing activity against SCV2, while 14/30 (46.7%) have activity against other SCV2-related betacoronaviruses. These data suggest that exposure to related betacoronaviruses may elicit cross-reactive immunity to SCV2 prior to the global pandemic. © 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

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  2. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403503
  3. PMID: 39471070

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2024-2025
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