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Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes

  1. Author:
    Clark, David W [ORCID]
    Okada, Yukinori [ORCID]
    Moore, Kristjan H S [ORCID]
    Mason, Dan [ORCID]
    Pirastu, Nicola [ORCID]
    Gandin, Ilaria [ORCID]
    Mattsson, Hannele
    Barnes, Catriona L K
    Lin, Kuang
    Zhao, Jing Hua
    Deelen, Patrick [ORCID]
    Rohde, Rebecca
    Schurmann, Claudia [ORCID]
    Guo, Xiuqing
    Giulianini, Franco
    Zhang, Weihua
    Medina-Gomez, Carolina [ORCID]
    Karlsson, Robert [ORCID]
    Bao, Yanchun [ORCID]
    Bartz, Traci M
    Baumbach, Clemens
    Biino, Ginevra [ORCID]
    Bixley, Matthew J
    Brumat, Marco [ORCID]
    Chai, Jin-Fang [ORCID]
    Corre, Tanguy
    Cousminer, Diana L
    Dekker, Annelot M
    Eccles, David A [ORCID]
    van Eijk, Kristel R
    Fuchsberger, Christian
    Gao, He
    Germain, Marine
    Gordon, Scott D [ORCID]
    de Haan, Hugoline G
    Harris, Sarah E [ORCID]
    Hofer, Edith
    Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia
    Igartua, Catherine
    Jansen, Iris E
    Jia, Yucheng
    Kacprowski, Tim [ORCID]
    Karlsson, Torgny [ORCID]
    Kleber, Marcus E [ORCID]
    Li,Shengchao
    Li-Gao, Ruifang
    Mahajan, Anubha [ORCID]
    Matsuda, Koichi [ORCID]
    Meidtner, Karina
    Meng, Weihua [ORCID]
    Montasser, May E
    van der Most, Peter J [ORCID]
    Munz, Matthias [ORCID]
    Nutile, Teresa
    Palviainen, Teemu [ORCID]
    Prasad, Gauri
    Prasad, Rashmi B [ORCID]
    Priyanka, Tallapragada Divya Sri
    Rizzi, Federica
    Salvi, Erika [ORCID]
    Sapkota, Bishwa R
    Shriner, Daniel
    Skotte, Line [ORCID]
    Smart, Melissa C
    Smith, Albert Vernon
    van der Spek, Ashley [ORCID]
    Spracklen, Cassandra N [ORCID]
    Strawbridge, Rona J [ORCID]
    Tajuddin, Salman M [ORCID]
    Trompet, Stella
    Turman, Constance
    Verweij, Niek [ORCID]
    Viberti, Clara
    Wang, Lihua
    Warren, Helen R
    Wootton, Robyn E
    Yanek, Lisa R [ORCID]
    Yao, Jie
    Yousri, Noha A
    Zhao, Wei [ORCID]
    Adeyemo, Adebowale A
    Afaq, Saima
    Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos Alberto
    Akiyama, Masato
    Albert, Matthew L [ORCID]
    Allison, Matthew A
    Alver, Maris
    Aung, Tin
    Azizi, Fereidoun
    Bentley, Amy R [ORCID]
    Boeing, Heiner
    Boerwinkle, Eric
    Borja, Judith B
    de Borst, Gert J
    Bottinger, Erwin P
    Broer, Linda
    Campbell, Harry
    Chanock, Stephen [ORCID]
    Chee, Miao-Li
    Chen, Guanjie
    Chen, Yii-Der I
    Chen, Zhengming [ORCID]
    Chiu, Yen-Feng [ORCID]
    Cocca, Massimiliano [ORCID]
    Collins, Francis S [ORCID]
    Concas, Maria Pina
    Corley, Janie
    Cugliari, Giovanni [ORCID]
    van Dam, Rob M
    Damulina, Anna [ORCID]
    Daneshpour, Maryam S
    Day, Felix R [ORCID]
    Delgado, Graciela E
    Dhana, Klodian [ORCID]
    Doney, Alexander S F
    Dörr, Marcus
    Doumatey, Ayo P
    Dzimiri, Nduna [ORCID]
    Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna
    Elliott, Joshua
    Elliott, Paul [ORCID]
    Ewert, Ralf
    Felix, Janine F [ORCID]
    Fischer, Krista
    Freedman, Barry I [ORCID]
    Girotto, Giorgia [ORCID]
    Goel, Anuj [ORCID]
    Gögele, Martin
    Goodarzi, Mark O [ORCID]
    Graff, Mariaelisa
    Granot-Hershkovitz, Einat
    Grodstein, Francine
    Guarrera, Simonetta
    Gudbjartsson, Daniel F [ORCID]
    Guity, Kamran [ORCID]
    Gunnarsson, Bjarni
    Guo, Yu
    Hagenaars, Saskia P
    Haiman, Christopher A
    Halevy, Avner
    Harris, Tamara B
    Hedayati, Mehdi
    van Heel, David A [ORCID]
    Hirata, Makoto [ORCID]
    Höfer, Imo
    Hsiung, Chao Agnes
    Huang, Jinyan
    Hung, Yi-Jen
    Ikram, M Arfan [ORCID]
    Jagadeesan, Anuradha
    Jousilahti, Pekka
    Kamatani, Yoichiro [ORCID]
    Kanai, Masahiro [ORCID]
    Kerrison, Nicola D
    Kessler, Thorsten
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Khor, Chiea Chuen [ORCID]
    de Kleijn, Dominique P V
    Koh, Woon-Puay
    Kolcic, Ivana [ORCID]
    Kraft, Peter
    Krämer, Bernhard K
    Kutalik, Zoltán
    Kuusisto, Johanna
    Langenberg, Claudia [ORCID]
    Launer, Lenore J
    Lawlor, Deborah A [ORCID]
    Lee, I-Te
    Lee, Wen-Jane
    Lerch, Markus M
    Li, Liming
    Liu, Jianjun [ORCID]
    Loh, Marie
    London, Stephanie J [ORCID]
    Loomis, Stephanie
    Lu, Yingchang
    Luan, Jian'an [ORCID]
    Mägi, Reedik
    Manichaikul, Ani W
    Manunta, Paolo
    Másson, Gísli
    Matoba, Nana [ORCID]
    Mei, Xue W [ORCID]
    Meisinger, Christa
    Meitinger, Thomas
    Mezzavilla, Massimo [ORCID]
    Milani, Lili [ORCID]
    Millwood, Iona Y
    Momozawa, Yukihide
    Moore, Amy
    Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel
    Moreno-Macías, Hortensia
    Mori, Trevor A [ORCID]
    Morrison, Alanna C
    Muka, Taulant
    Murakami, Yoshinori [ORCID]
    Murray, Alison D [ORCID]
    de Mutsert, Renée
    Mychaleckyj, Josyf C [ORCID]
    Nalls, Mike A
    Nauck, Matthias
    Neville, Matt J [ORCID]
    Nolte, Ilja M [ORCID]
    Ong, Ken K [ORCID]
    Orozco, Lorena
    Padmanabhan, Sandosh
    Pálsson, Gunnar [ORCID]
    Pankow, James S [ORCID]
    Pattaro, Cristian [ORCID]
    Pattie, Alison
    Polasek, Ozren
    Poulter, Neil
    Pramstaller, Peter P
    Quintana-Murci, Lluis [ORCID]
    Räikkönen, Katri
    Ralhan, Sarju
    Rao, Dabeeru C
    van Rheenen, Wouter [ORCID]
    Rich, Stephen S [ORCID]
    Ridker, Paul M
    Rietveld, Cornelius A [ORCID]
    Robino, Antonietta
    van Rooij, Frank J A
    Ruggiero, Daniela [ORCID]
    Saba, Yasaman
    Sabanayagam, Charumathi [ORCID]
    Sabater-Lleal, Maria [ORCID]
    Sala, Cinzia Felicita [ORCID]
    Salomaa, Veikko [ORCID]
    Sandow, Kevin
    Schmidt, Helena
    Scott, Laura J [ORCID]
    Scott, William R
    Sedaghati-Khayat, Bahareh [ORCID]
    Sennblad, Bengt [ORCID]
    van Setten, Jessica [ORCID]
    Sever, Peter J
    Sheu, Wayne H-H
    Shi, Yuan
    Shrestha, Smeeta
    Shukla, Sharvari Rahul
    Sigurdsson, Jon K
    Sikka, Timo Tonis
    Singh, Jai Rup
    Smith, Blair H [ORCID]
    Stancáková, Alena [ORCID]
    Stanton, Alice [ORCID]
    Starr, John M
    Stefansdottir, Lilja
    Straker, Leon [ORCID]
    Sulem, Patrick [ORCID]
    Sveinbjornsson, Gardar
    Swertz, Morris A [ORCID]
    Taylor, Adele M
    Taylor, Kent D [ORCID]
    Terzikhan, Natalie
    Tham, Yih-Chung
    Thorleifsson, Gudmar
    Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur
    Tillander, Annika
    Tracy, Russell P
    Tusié-Luna, Teresa
    Tzoulaki, Ioanna [ORCID]
    Vaccargiu, Simona
    Vangipurapu, Jagadish
    Veldink, Jan H [ORCID]
    Vitart, Veronique [ORCID]
    Völker, Uwe [ORCID]
    Vuoksimaa, Eero
    Wakil, Salma M
    Waldenberger, Melanie
    Wander, Gurpreet S [ORCID]
    Wang, Ya Xing [ORCID]
    Wareham, Nicholas J
    Wild, Sarah [ORCID]
    Yajnik, Chittaranjan S
    Yuan, Jian-Min [ORCID]
    Zeng, Lingyao
    Zhang, Liang
    Zhou, Jie
    Amin, Najaf
    Asselbergs, Folkert W [ORCID]
    Bakker, Stephan J L
    Becker, Diane M
    Lehne, Benjamin
    Bennett, David A
    van den Berg, Leonard H
    Berndt, Sonja I
    Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan
    Bielak, Lawrence F
    Bochud, Murielle
    Boehnke, Mike [ORCID]
    Bouchard, Claude [ORCID]
    Bradfield, Jonathan P
    Brody, Jennifer A [ORCID]
    Campbell, Archie [ORCID]
    Carmi, Shai
    Caulfield, Mark J [ORCID]
    Cesarini, David
    Chambers, John C
    Chandak, Giriraj Ratan
    Cheng, Ching-Yu
    Ciullo, Marina
    Cornelis, Marilyn
    Cusi, Daniele
    Smith, George Davey [ORCID]
    Deary, Ian J
    Dorajoo, Rajkumar [ORCID]
    van Duijn, Cornelia M
    Ellinghaus, David [ORCID]
    Erdmann, Jeanette [ORCID]
    Eriksson, Johan G
    Evangelou, Evangelos [ORCID]
    Evans, Michele K
    Faul, Jessica D
    Feenstra, Bjarke [ORCID]
    Feitosa, Mary [ORCID]
    Foisy, Sylvain
    Franke, Andre [ORCID]
    Friedlander, Yechiel
    Gasparini, Paolo
    Gieger, Christian
    Gonzalez, Clicerio
    Goyette, Philippe
    Grant, Struan F A [ORCID]
    Griffiths, Lyn R [ORCID]
    Groop, Leif [ORCID]
    Gudnason, Vilmundur [ORCID]
    Gyllensten, Ulf
    Hakonarson, Hakon
    Hamsten, Anders
    van der Harst, Pim [ORCID]
    Heng, Chew-Kiat [ORCID]
    Hicks, Andrew A [ORCID]
    Hochner, Hagit
    Huikuri, Heikki
    Hunt, Steven C
    Jaddoe, Vincent W V [ORCID]
    De Jager, Philip L [ORCID]
    Johannesson, Magnus [ORCID]
    Johansson, Åsa [ORCID]
    Jonas, Jost B [ORCID]
    Jukema, J Wouter [ORCID]
    Junttila, Juhani
    Kaprio, Jaakko [ORCID]
    Kardia, Sharon L R
    Karpe, Fredrik
    Kumari, Meena
    Laakso, Markku [ORCID]
    van der Laan, Sander W [ORCID]
    Lahti, Jari [ORCID]
    Laudes, Matthias
    Lea, Rodney A
    Lieb, Wolfgang
    Lumley, Thomas
    Martin, Nicholas G [ORCID]
    März, Winfried
    Matullo, Giuseppe
    McCarthy, Mark I
    Medland, Sarah E [ORCID]
    Merriman, Tony R [ORCID]
    Metspalu, Andres [ORCID]
    Meyer, Brian F
    Mohlke, Karen L [ORCID]
    Montgomery, Grant W [ORCID]
    Mook-Kanamori, Dennis
    Munroe, Patricia B [ORCID]
    North, Kari E
    Nyholt, Dale R [ORCID]
    O'connell, Jeffery R
    Ober, Carole [ORCID]
    Oldehinkel, Albertine J [ORCID]
    Palmas, Walter
    Palmer, Colin [ORCID]
    Pasterkamp, Gerard G
    Patin, Etienne
    Pennell, Craig E
    Perusse, Louis [ORCID]
    Peyser, Patricia A
    Pirastu, Mario
    Polderman, Tinca J C [ORCID]
    Porteous, David J [ORCID]
    Posthuma, Danielle
    Psaty, Bruce M
    Rioux, John D [ORCID]
    Rivadeneira, Fernando [ORCID]
    Rotimi, Charles [ORCID]
    Rotter, Jerome I [ORCID]
    Rudan, Igor [ORCID]
    Den Ruijter, Hester M
    Sanghera, Dharambir K
    Sattar, Naveed [ORCID]
    Schmidt, Reinhold
    Schulze, Matthias B
    Schunkert, Heribert
    Scott, Robert A
    Shuldiner, Alan R
    Sim, Xueling [ORCID]
    Small, Neil
    Smith, Jennifer A [ORCID]
    Sotoodehnia, Nona
    Tai, E-Shyong
    Teumer, Alexander [ORCID]
    Timpson, Nicholas J [ORCID]
    Toniolo, Daniela
    Tregouet, David-Alexandre
    Tuomi, Tiinamaija [ORCID]
    Vollenweider, Peter
    Wang, Carol A [ORCID]
    Weir, David R [ORCID]
    Whitfield, John B [ORCID]
    Wijmenga, Cisca
    Wong, Tien-Yin
    Wright, John
    Yang, Jingyun
    Yu, Lei
    Zemel, Babette S
    Zonderman, Alan B
    Perola, Markus
    Magnusson, Patrik K E [ORCID]
    Uitterlinden, André G [ORCID]
    Kooner, Jaspal S
    Chasman, Daniel I
    Loos, Ruth J F [ORCID]
    Franceschini, Nora
    Franke, Lude [ORCID]
    Haley, Chris S [ORCID]
    Hayward, Caroline [ORCID]
    Walters, Robin G [ORCID]
    Perry, John R B
    Esko, Tonu
    Helgason, Agnar
    Stefansson, Kari
    Joshi, Peter K [ORCID]
    Kubo, Michiaki
    Wilson, James F [ORCID]

  2. Author Address

    Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland., Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan., Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan., Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan., deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland., Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, BD96RJ, UK., Research Unit, Area Science Park, Trieste, 34149, Italy., Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy., Unit of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland., Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK., MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK., Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK., Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands., Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA., The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA., Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA., Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women 39;s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA., Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK., Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK., Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands., Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands., The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands., Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden., Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK., Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA., Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum M 252;nchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany., Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, 27100, Italy., Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand., Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore., Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland., Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisant 233;), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland., Division of Human Genetics, Children 39;s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA., Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA., Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands., Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia., Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand., Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of L 252;beck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy., MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK., INSERM UMR_S 1166, Sorbonne Universit 233;s, Paris, 75013, France., ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, 75013, France., QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia., Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands., Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK., Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK., Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria., Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria., CONACyT, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M 233;dicas y Nutrici 243;n Salvador Zubir 225;n, Mexico, 03940, M 233;xico., Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA., Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands., Alzheimer Center Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands., Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany., Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany., Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden., Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany., Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA., Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK., Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan., Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany., German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), M 252;nchen-Neuherberg, Germany., Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK., Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA., Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA., Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands., Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of L 252;beck, L 252;beck, 23562, Germany., DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/L 252;beck/Kiel, L 252;beck, 23562, Germany., University Heart Center Luebeck, L 252;beck, 23562, Germany., Charit 233; - University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit 228;t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit 228;t zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Berlin, Germany., Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy., Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110020, India., Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Sk 229;ne University Hospital, Malm 246;, 20502, Sweden., Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India., ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Bresso (Milano), 20091, Italy., Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy., Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, 20133, Italy., Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA., Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA., Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DK-2300, Denmark., Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland., Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland., Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA., Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK., Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden., Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA., Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands., Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, the Netherlands., Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA., Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA., University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Ther Netherlands, Groningen, 9713 GZ, the Netherlands., Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy., Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA., NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK., Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK., MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK., Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA., Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar., Computer and Systems Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Departamento de Endocrinolog 237;a y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M 233;dicas y Nutrici 243;n Salvador Zubir 225;n, Mexico, 14080, M 233;xico., Unidad de Investigacion de Enfermades Metabolicas, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, N.L., 64710, M 233;xico., Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan., Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France., Inserm U1223, Paris, 75015, France., Centre for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France., Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, San Francisco, California, 94080, USA., Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA., Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia., Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore., Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore., Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore., Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran., Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany., Health Science Center at Houston, UTHealth School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA., USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Talamban, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, 6000, Cebu, Philippines., Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands., Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, Universit 228;t Potsdam, Potsdam, 14482, Germany., Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA., Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Taiwan., Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy., National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA., Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK., Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore., Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA., Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran., Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA., MEMO Research, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD19SY, UK., Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany., DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany., Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, KSA, 12713, Saudi Arabia., Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland., National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Imperial College London, London, UK., UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at Imperial College London, London, UK., Health Data Research UK - London, London, England., Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands., Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, US., Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy., Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK., Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA., Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel., School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland., Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China., Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King 39;s College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK., Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA., Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK., Laboratory of Genome Technology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan., Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands., Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory Of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 200025, China., Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan branch, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan., School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan., Unit of Public Health Promotion, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland., Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan., Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA., Deutsches Herzzentrum M 252;nchen, Klinik f 252;r Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universit 228;t M 252;nchen, Munich, 80636, Germany., Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK., Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore., Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857., Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia., Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland., Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland., Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK., Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BY, UK., Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan., School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taipei, 112, Taiwan., School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan., Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan., Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany., Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China., Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore., Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore., National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA., Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA., Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA., Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Universit 224; Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, 20132, Italy., Helmholtz Zentrum M 252;nchen, Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany., Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany., Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany., DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany., Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia., Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan., Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France., INSERM UMR_S 1263, Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France., Departamento de Econom 237;a, Universidad Aut 243;noma Metropolitana, Mexico, 09340, M 233;xico., Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia., The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA., Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan., The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK., Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA., Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, 20812, USA., Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany., Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK., Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK., Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK., Instituto Nacional de Medicina Gen 243;mica, Mexico, 14610, M 233;xico., Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK., Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA., Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia, Zagreb, Select a Province, 10000, Croatia., International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK., Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, London, W12 7TA, UK., Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR2000, Paris, 75015, France., Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France., Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland., Hero Heart Institute and Dyanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA., Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands., Erasmus University Rotterdam Institute for Behavior and Biology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands., IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), 86077, Italy., Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria., Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain., San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano, Italy., Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland., Department of Biostatistics, and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA., Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden., Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3485 CX, Netherlands., School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan., Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan., School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560078, India., Diabetes Unit, KEM Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, 411101, India., Symbiosis Statistical Institute, Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India., Panjab University, Chandigarh, India., Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK., RCSI Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics (MCT), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education & Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland., Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Scotland., School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6102, Australia., Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, 9000, Belgium., Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, 05446, USA., Departamento de Medicina Gen 243;mica y Toxicolog 237;a Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom 233;dicas, UNAM, Mexico, 04510, M 233;xico., Unidad De Biolog 237;a Molecular y Medicina Gen 243;mica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M 233;dicas y Nutrici 243;n Salvador Zubir 225;n, Mexico, 14080, M 233;xico., Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece., Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy., MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland., Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland., Department of Cardiology, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India., Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China, 100005, China., Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland., Diabetes Unit, K.E.M. Hospital Research Centre, Pune, MAH, 411011, India., Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA., Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands., Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK., Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands., Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK., Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands., Rush Alzheimer 39;s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA., Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA., Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India., Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiane, 70808, USA., Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children 39;s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA., Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA., Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA., Center for Experimental Social Science, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, New York, 10012, USA., Research Institute for Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, 102 15, Sweden., Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore., Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, London, W12 0HS, UK., Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA., Institute of Biomedical Technologies Milano, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Segrate (Milano), 20090, Italy., Bio4Dreams Scientific Unit, Bio4Dreams SRL, Bio4Dreams - business nursery for life sciences, Milano, 20121, Italy., Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany., Department of General Practice and Primary health Care, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8 B, Helsinki, 00014, Finland., Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland., Folkh 228;lsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland., Vasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland., Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA., Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada., Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, 01120, M 233;xico., Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA., Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden., Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore., Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children 39;s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore., Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90014, Finland., Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108, USA., Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 West 168th street, PH19-311, Newyork, NY, 10032, USA., Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA., Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, SE-113 83, Sweden., Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 698167, Germany., Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland., Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK., Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands., Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland., University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany., Institute of Epidemiology and PopGen Biobank, University of Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig Holstein, 24105, Germany., Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria., Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany., Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia., Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia., Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands., School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia., Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands., Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA., Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, The School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK., School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia., Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia., Department of kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada., Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada., Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, 07100, Italy., Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands., Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA., Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA., Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universit 233; de Montr 233;al, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada., Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands., Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA., Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany., Deutsches Zentrum f 252;r Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80636, Germany., Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591-6607, USA., Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK., Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA., Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, SG, Singapore., Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany., Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK., Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK., Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland., Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland., Research Program of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland., Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children 39;s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA., Unit of Genomics and Biomarkers, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland., National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK., The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA., Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland., Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MASSACHUSETTS, 02142, USA., Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland. jim.wilson@ed.ac.uk., MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland. jim.wilson@ed.ac.uk.,
    1. Year: 2019
    2. Date: Oct 31
    3. Epub Date: 2019 10 31
  2. Journal: Nature communications
    1. 10
    2. 1
    3. Pages: 4957
  4. Type of Article: Article
  5. Article Number: 4957
  6. ISSN: 2041-1723
  1. Abstract:

    In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p?<?0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44-66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.

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  1. View Full Text
  2. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12283-6
  3. PMID: 31673082
  4. View record in Web of Science®
  5. WOS: 000493438700005
  6. PII : 10.1038/s41467-019-12283-6

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2019-2020
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