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Mucosal innate immune factors in the female genital tract are associated with vaginal HIV-1 shedding independent of plasma viral load

  1. Author:
    Cummins, J. E.
    Christensen, L.
    Lennox, J. L.
    Bush, T. J.
    Wu, Z. W.
    Malamud, D.
    Evans-Strickfaden, T.
    Siddig, A.
    Caliendo, A. M.
    Hart, C. E.
    Dezzutti, C. S.

  2. Author Address

    Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Emory Ctr AIDS Res, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Dept Biochem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.;Cummins, JE, So Res Inst, 431 Aviat Way, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.;cummins@sri.org
    1. Year: 2006
    2. Date: Aug
  2. Journal: Aids Research and Human Retroviruses
    1. 22
    2. 8
    3. Pages: 788-795
  4. Type of Article: Article
  5. ISSN: 0889-2229
  1. Abstract:

    Recent studies indicate that mucosal innate immune factors modulate HIV-1 infection in vitro. Our interest was to examine the levels of innate mucosal factors for their potential association with HIV-1 shedding in the female genital tract. Vaginal lavages were collected from HIV-1-infected women who had vaginal viral loads (VVL) that were below, within, or above the 90% confidence interval (CI) predicted by their matched plasma viral loads. Innate immune factors [cathepsin D, lactoferrin (Lf), myeloid related protein (MRP)-8, MRP-8114, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, and gp340], cytokines (IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha), and chemokines (MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, RANTES, and SDF-1 alpha) were quantified by ELISA. Leukocyte levels were determined using a leukocyte reagent strip for urinalysis. Lf, MRP-8/14, gp340, and IL-1 beta levels were significantly higher in vaginal lavages above the 90% CI and generally correlated with each other and with VVL. Leukocyte levels were significantly higher in the lavages that had virus shedding above the 90% CI and correlated strongly with Lf levels and VVL. In this group of women, these results suggest that the levels of certain innate immune factors are more closely associated with HIV-1 shedding in the genital mucosa than plasma virus concentrations.

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  1. View record in Web of Science®
  2. WOS: 000240090100011

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