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Does Umbilical Cord Blood Polymerase Chain Reaction Positivity Indicate in Utero (Pre-Labor) Hiv Infection

  1. Author:
    Biggar, R. J.
    Mtimavalye, L.
    Justesen, A.
    Broadhead, R.
    Miley, W.
    Waters, D.
    Goedert, J. J.
    Chiphangwi, J. D.
    Taha, T. E.
    Miotti, P. G.

  2. Author Address

    Biggar RJ EPN-434 6130 EXECUT BLVD ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA NCI VIRAL EPIDEMIOL BRANCH BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA QUEEN ELIZABETH CENT HOSP DEPT PEDIAT BLANTYRE MALAWI QUEEN ELIZABETH CENT HOSP DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL BLANTYRE MALAWI FREDERICK CANC RES CTR SCI APPLICAT INT CORP FREDERICK, MD USA JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV MINIST HLTH RES PROJECT BLANTYRE MALAWI JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCH PUBL HLTH DEPT EPIDEMIOL BALTIMORE, MD 21205 USA
    1. Year: 1997
  2. Journal: Aids
    1. 11
    2. 11
    3. Pages: 1375-1382
  4. Type of Article: Article
  1. Abstract:

    Objective: To compare risk factors for infants whose cord blood was positive for HIV DNA with those who were cord blood-negative but found to be HIV DNA-positive in early infancy. Methods: In 1994, infants born to HIV-infected women were enrolled in a study in Blantyre, Malawi. Birth weight and transmission risk factors from cord blood-positive infants were compared with cord blood-negative/HIV-positive infants on their first postnatal visit (4-7 weeks of age). Testing for HIV DNA on cord and peripheral blood was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Of 249 HIV-infected infants (overall transmission rate, 26%), 83 (33%) were cord blood-positive and 166 were initially cord blood-negative. The mean birth weight was 2.1% (59 g) lighter in cord blood-positive infants than initially cord blood-negative infants; initially cord blood-negative infants were 2.8% (80 g) lighter than uninfected infants born to HIV-infected women. There were no significant differences in the risk factors for infection between HIV-infected cord blood-positive and -negative infants; when transmission was increased, both HIV-infected cord blood-positive and -negative infants contributed to the increase in a similar proportion. Interpretation: It was concluded that umbilical cord blood positivity for HIV DNA did not identify a subset of in utero HIV-infected infants and suggested that HIV-infected cord blood-positive and -negative infants have similar timing and routes of HIV infection. [References: 29]

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