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Origins, admixture dynamics and homogenization of the African gene pool in the Americas

  1. Author:
    Gouveia, Mateus H
    Borda, Victor
    Leal, Thiago P
    Moreira, Rennan G
    Bergen, Andrew W
    Kehdy, Fernanda S G
    Alvim, Isabela
    Aquino, Marla M
    Araujo, Gilderlanio S
    Araujo, Nathalia M
    Furlan, Vinicius
    Liboredo, Raquel
    Machado, Moara
    Magalhaes, Wagner C S
    Michelin, Lucas A
    Rodrigues, Maíra R
    Rodrigues-Soares, Fernanda
    Sant Anna, Hanaisa P
    Santolalla, Meddly L
    Scliar, Marília O
    Soares-Souza, Giordano
    Zamudio, Roxana
    Zolini, Camila
    Bortolini, Maria Catira
    Dean,Michael
    Gilman, Robert H
    Guio, Heinner
    Rocha, Jorge
    Pereira, Alexandre C
    Barreto, Mauricio L
    Horta, Bernardo L
    Lima-Costa, Maria F
    Mbulaiteye, Sam M
    Chanock, Stephen J
    Tishkoff, Sarah A
    Yeager,Meredith
    Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo

  2. Author Address

    1Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 2Instituto de Pesquisa Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 3Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States. 4Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 5Centro de Laboratórios Multiusuário (CELAM), Laboratório de Genômica, ICB, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 6Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA. 7Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 8Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará - Campus Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil, Brazil. 9Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus UFV-Florestal, Florestal, MG, Brazil. 10Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 11Núcleo de Ensino e Pesquisas do Instituto Mário Penna - NEP-IMP. Bairro Luxemburgo, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 12Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 13Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil. 14Melbourne Integrative Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia. 15Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 16Beagle, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 17Mosaico Translational Genomics Initiative, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 18Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 19Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA. 20Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. 21Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. 22Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. 23Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 24CIBIO/InBIO: Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Vairão, Portugal. 25Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 26Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. 27Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil. 28Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 464, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. 29Department of Genetics and Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. 30Instituto de Estudos Avanzados Transdisciplinares, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
    1. Year: 2020
    2. Date: JUN
    3. Epub Date: 2020 03 03
  2. Journal: Molecular biology and evolution
    1. 37
    2. 6
    3. Pages: 1647-1656
  4. Type of Article: Article
  5. ISSN: 0737-4038
  1. Abstract:

    The Transatlantic Slave Trade transported more than 9 million Africans to the Americas between the early 16th and the mid-19th centuries. We performed a genome-wide analysis using 6,267 individuals from 25 populations to infer how different African groups contributed to North-, South-American and Caribbean populations, in the context of geographic and geopolitical factors, and compared genetic data with demographic history records of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. We observed that West-Central Africa and Western Africa-associated ancestry clusters are more prevalent in northern latitudes of the Americas, while the South/East Africa-associated ancestry cluster is more prevalent in southern latitudes of the Americas. This pattern results from geographic and geopolitical factors leading to population differentiation. However, there is a substantial decrease in the between-population differentiation of the African gene pool within the Americas, when compared to the regions of origin from Africa, underscoring the importance of historical factors favoring admixture between individuals with different African origins in the New World. This between-population homogenization in the Americas is consistent with the excess of West-Central Africa ancestry (the most prevalent in the Americas) in the United States and Southeast-Brazil, respect to historical-demography expectations. We also inferred that in most of the Americas, intercontinental admixture intensification occurred between 1,750 and 1,850, which correlates strongly with the peak of arrivals from Africa. This study contributes with a population genetics perspective to the ongoing social, cultural and political debate regarding ancestry, admixture and the mestizaje process in the Americas. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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External Sources

  1. View Full Text
  2. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa033
  3. PMID: 32128591
  4. View record in Web of Science®
  5. WOS: 000569060900009
  6. PII : 5739967

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2019-2020
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