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SARS-CoV-2 Entry Related Viral and Host Genetic Variations: Implications on COVID-19 Severity, Immune Escape, and Infectivity

  1. Author:
    Huang,Szu-Wei
    Wang, Sheng-Fan

  2. Author Address

    NCI, Model Dev Sect, Basic Res Lab, Ctr Canc Res, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.Kaohsiung Med Univ, Ctr Trop Med & Infect Dis, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.Kaohsiung Med Univ, Drug Dev & Value Creat Res Ctr, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.Kaohsiung Med Univ, Dept Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.Kaohsiung Med Univ, Kaohsiung Med Univ Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Clin Microbiol Lab, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.Kaohsiung Med Univ, Kaohsiung Med Univ Hosp, Dept Med Res, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
    1. Year: 2021
    2. Date: Mar 17
  2. Journal: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
  3. MDPI,
    1. 22
    2. 6
  5. Type of Article: Article
  6. Article Number: 3060
  7. ISSN: 1422-0067
  1. Abstract:

    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has evolved to display particular patterns of genetic diversity in the genome across geographical regions. These variations in the virus and genetic variation in human populations can determine virus transmissibility and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. Genetic variations and immune differences in human populations could be the driving forces in viral evolution. Recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants show several mutations at the receptor binding domain in the spike (S) glycoprotein and contribute to immune escape and enhanced binding with angiotensin 1-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Since ACE2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) play important roles in SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cell, genetic variation in these host entry-related proteins may be a driving force for positive selection in the SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein. Dendritic or liver/lymph cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-3-grabbing non-integrin is also known to play vital roles in several pathogens. Genetic variations of these host proteins may affect the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. This review summarizes the latest research to describe the impacts of genetic variation in the viral S glycoprotein and critical host proteins and aims to provide better insights for understanding transmission and pathogenesis and more broadly for developing vaccine/antiviral drugs and precision medicine strategies, especially for high risk populations with genetic risk variants.

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External Sources

  1. View Full Text
  2. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063060
  3. View record in Web of Science®
  4. WOS: 000645789300001

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2020-2021
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