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Genetics of HIV-1 infection: chemokine receptor CCR5 polymorphism and its consequences

  1. Author:
    Carrington, M.
    Dean, M.
    Martin, M. P.
    O'Brien, S. J.

  2. Author Address

    O'Brien SJ NCI, Lab Gen Divers Frederick, MD 21702 USA NCI, Lab Gen Divers Frederick, MD 21702 USA SAIC, Intramural Res Support Program Frederick, MD 21702 USA
    1. Year: 1999
  2. Journal: Human Molecular Genetics
    1. 8
    2. 10 Special Issue SI
    3. Pages: 1939-1945
  4. Type of Article: Review
  1. Abstract:

    The chemokine receptor gene, CCR5, has become a central theme in studies of host genetic effects on HIV-1 pathogenesis ever since the discovery that the CCR5 molecule serves as a major cell surface co-receptor for the virus. A growing number of genetic variants within the coding and 5' regulatory region of CCR5 have been identified, several of which have functional consequences for HIV-1 pathogenesis. Here we review the CCR5 literature describing CCR5 polymorphism and the functional ramifications that several of these variants have on HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS. The multiplicity of CCR5 genetic effects on HIV-1 disease underscores the critical importance of this gene in controlling AIDS pathogenesis and provides the logic for development of therapeutic strategies that target the interaction of HIV-1 envelope and CCR5 in HIV-1 associated disease. [References: 60]

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