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Alterations in the plasma proteome persist ten months after recovery from mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection

  1. Author:
    Huapaya, Julio A
    Gairhe, Salina
    Kanth, Shreya
    Tian, Xin
    Demirkale, Cumhur Y
    Regenold, David
    Sun, Jian
    Lynch, Nicolas F
    Luo, Renjie
    Forsberg, Alisa
    Dewar,Robin
    Rehman,Tauseef
    Li, Willy
    Krack, Janell
    Kuruppu, Janaki
    Aboye, Etsubdink A
    Barnett, Christopher
    Strich, Jeffrey R
    Davey, Richard
    Childs, Richard
    Chertow, Daniel
    Kovacs, Joseph A
    Torabi-Parizi, Parizad
    Suffredini, Anthony F

  2. Author Address

    Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States., National Heart, Lung, and Blood, Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States., Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood, Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States., Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States., National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States., Department of Statistics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States., Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD, United States., Pharmacy Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States., Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States., Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States., Laboratory of Transplantation Immunotherapy, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,
    1. Year: 2024
    2. Epub Date: 2024 09 11
  2. Journal: Frontiers in Immunology
    1. 15
    2. Pages: 1448780
  4. Type of Article: Article
  5. Article Number: 1448780
  1. Abstract:

    Limited data are available describing the effects of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections on the plasma proteome. PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 patients, enrolled in a natural history study, underwent analysis of the plasma proteome. A prospective cohort of 66 unvaccinated and 24 vaccinated persons with different degrees of infection severity were evaluated acutely (within 40 days of symptom onset), and at three and ten months. Comparisons based on vaccination status alone and unsupervised hierarchical clustering were performed. A second cohort of vaccinated Omicron patients were evaluated acutely and at ten months. Acutely, unvaccinated patients manifested overexpression of proteins involved in immune and inflammatory responses, while vaccinated patients exhibited adaptive immune responses without significant inflammation. At three and ten months, only unvaccinated patients had diminished but sustained inflammatory (C3b, CCL15, IL17RE) and immune responses (DEFA5,TREM1). Both groups had underexpression of pathways essential for cellular function, signaling, and angiogenesis (AKT1, MAPK14, HSPB1) across phases. Unsupervised clustering, based on protein expression, identified four groups of patients with variable vaccination rates demonstrating that additional clinical factors influence the plasma proteome. The proteome of vaccinated Omicron patients did not differ from vaccinated pre-Omicron patients. Vaccination attenuates the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection across phases. However, at ten months after symptom onset, changes in the plasma proteome persist in both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, which may be relevant to post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections associated with post-acute infection syndromes. Copyright © 2024 Huapaya, Gairhe, Kanth, Tian, Demirkale, Regenold, Sun, Lynch, Luo, Forsberg, Dewar, Rehman, Li, Krack, Kuruppu, Aboye, Barnett, Strich, Davey, Childs, Chertow, Kovacs, Torabi-Parizi and Suffredini.

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External Sources

  1. View Full Text
  2. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1448780
  3. PMID: 39324144
  4. PMCID: PMC11422241

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2024-2025
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