Intestinal Microbiome Modulation of Therapeutic Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapy

Author:

Silveira, Maruhen A D

Rodrigues, Richard R

Trinchieri, Giorgio
Author Address

Cancer Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 4146, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA., Microbiome and Genetics Core, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 4140B, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA., Cancer Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 4146, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. Electronic address: trinchig@mail.nih.gov.,

Abstract:

Bacteria are associated with certain cancers and may induce genetic instability and cancer progression. The gut microbiome modulates the response to cancer therapy. Training machine learning models with response associated taxa or bacterial genes predict patients' response to immunotherapies with moderate accuracy. Clinical trials targeting the gut microbiome to improve immunotherapy efficacy have been conducted. While single bacterial strains or small consortia have not be reported yet to be successful, encouraging results have been reported in small single arm and randomized studies using transplant of fecal microbiome from cancer patients who successfully responded to therapy or from healthy volunteers. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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