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Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome

  1. Author:
    Giaever, G.
    Chu, A. M.
    Ni, L.
    Connelly, C.
    Riles, L.
    Veronneau, S.
    Dow, S.
    Lucau-Danila, A.
    Anderson, K.
    Andre, B.
    Arkin, A. P.
    Astromoff, A.
    El Bakkoury, M.
    Bangham, R.
    Benito, R.
    Brachat, S.
    Campanaro, S.
    Curtiss, M.
    Davis, K.
    Deutschbauer, A.
    Entian, K. D.
    Flaherty, P.
    Foury, F.
    Garfinkel, D. J.
    Gerstein, M.
    Gotte, D.
    Guldener, U.
    Hegemann, J. H.
    Hempel, S.
    Herman, Z.
    Jaramillo, D. F.
    Kelly, D. E.
    Kelly, S. L.
    Kotter, P.
    LaBonte, D.
    Lamb, D. C.
    Lan, N.
    Liang, H.
    Liao, H.
    Liu, L.
    Luo, C. Y.
    Lussier, M.
    Mao, R.
    Menard, P.
    Ooi, S. L.
    Revuelta, J. L.
    Roberts, C. J.
    Rose, M.
    Ross-Macdonald, P.
    Scherens, B.
    Schimmack, G.
    Shafer, B.
    Shoemaker, D. D.
    Sookhai-Mahadeo, S.
    Storms, R. K.
    Strathern, J. N.
    Valle, G.
    Voet, M.
    Volckaert, G.
    Wang, C. Y.
    Ward, T. R.
    Wilhelmy, J.
    Winzeler, E. A.
    Yang, Y. H.
    Yen, G.
    Youngman, E.
    Yu, K. X.
    Bussey, H.
    Boeke, J. D.
    Snyder, M.
    Philippsen, P.
    Davis, R. W.
    Johnston, M.

  2. Author Address

    Stanford Univ, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Stanford Univ, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA Yale Univ, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA Yale Univ, Dept Mol Biophys & Biochem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada Rosetta Inpharmat Inc, Kirkland, WA 98034 USA Univ Catholique Louvain, FYSA, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium Free Univ Brussels, Lab Physiol Cellulaire, Gosselies, Belgium Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA Free Univ Brussels, IRMW, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium Univ Salamanca, CSIC, Inst Microbiol & Bioquim, Dept Genet & Microbiol, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain Univ Basel, Biozentrum, Dept Mol Microbiol, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland Univ Padua, Dept Biol, I-35121 Padua, Italy Univ Frankfurt, Inst Microbiol, EUROSCARF, D-60439 Frankfurt, Germany Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Gene Regulat & Chromosome Biol Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Mikrobiol, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany Univ Wales, Inst Biol Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Gene Technol, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium Davis RW Stanford Univ, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA
    1. Year: 2002
  2. Journal: Nature
    1. 418
    2. 6896
    3. Pages: 387-391
  4. Type of Article: Article
  1. Abstract:

    Determining the effect of gene deletion is a fundamental approach to understanding gene function. Conventional genetic screens exhibit biases, and genes contributing to a phenotype are often missed. We systematically constructed a nearly complete collection of gene-deletion mutants (96% of annotated open reading frames, or ORFs) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DNA sequences dubbed 'molecular bar codes' uniquely identify each strain, enabling their growth to be analysed in parallel and the fitness contribution of each gene to be quantitatively assessed by hybridization to high-density oligonucleotide arrays. We show that previously known and new genes are necessary for optimal growth under six well-studied conditions: high salt, sorbitol, galactose, pH 8, minimal medium and nystatin treatment. Less than 7% of genes that exhibit a significant increase in messenger RNA expression are also required for optimal growth in four of the tested conditions. Our results validate the yeast gene-deletion collection as a valuable resource for functional genomics.

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