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A Novel System of Polymorphic and Diverse NK Cell Receptors in Primates

  1. Author:
    Averdam, A.
    Petersen, B.
    Rosner, C.
    Neff, J.
    Roos, C.
    Eberle, M.
    Aujard, F.
    Munich, C.
    Schempp, W.
    Carrington, M.
    Shiina, T.
    Inoko, H.
    Knaust, F.
    Coggill, P.
    Sehra, H.
    Beck, S.
    Abi-Rached, L.
    Reinhardt, R.
    Walter, L.

  2. Author Address

    Averdam, Anne, Petersen, Beatrix, Rosner, Cornelia, Neff, Jennifer, Roos, Christian, Walter, Lutz] German Primate Ctr, Dept Primate Genet, Gottingen, Germany. [Roos, Christian, Walter, Lutz] German Primate Ctr, Gene Bank Primates, Gottingen, Germany. [Eberle, Manfred] German Primate Ctr, Dept Behav Ecol & Sociobiol, Gottingen, Germany. [Aujard, Fabienne] CNRS, UMR MNHN 7179, Brunoy, France. [Muenich, Claudia, Schempp, Werner] Univ Freiburg, Inst Human Genet, Freiburg, Germany. [Carrington, Mary] NCI, Canc & Inflammat Program, Expt Immunol Lab, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Shiina, Takashi, Inoko, Hidetoshi] Tokai Univ, Sch Med, Isehara, Kanagawa 25911, Japan. [Knaust, Florian, Reinhardt, Richard] Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Berlin, Germany. [Coggill, Penny, Sehra, Harminder] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, England. [Beck, Stephan] UCL, Inst Canc, London, England. [Abi-Rached, Laurent] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Struct, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
    1. Year: 2009
  2. Journal: Plos Genetics
    1. 5
    2. 10
  4. Type of Article: Article
  5. Article Number: e1000688
  6. ISSN: 1553-7390
  1. Abstract:

    There are two main classes of natural killer (NK) cell receptors in mammals, the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and the structurally unrelated killer cell lectin-like receptors (KLR). While KIR represent the most diverse group of NK receptors in all primates studied to date, including humans, apes, and Old and New World monkeys, KLR represent the functional equivalent in rodents. Here, we report a first digression from this rule in lemurs, where the KLR (CD94/NKG2) rather than KIR constitute the most diverse group of NK cell receptors. We demonstrate that natural selection contributed to such diversification in lemurs and particularly targeted KLR residues interacting with the peptide presented by MHC class I ligands. We further show that lemurs lack a strict ortholog or functional equivalent of MHC-E, the ligands of nonpolymorphic KLR in "higher" primates. Our data support the existence of a hitherto unknown system of polymorphic and diverse NK cell receptors in primates and of combinatorial diversity as a novel mechanism to increase NK cell receptor repertoire.

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  2. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000688
  3. PMID: 19834558

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