Skip NavigationSkip to Content
Return Return to Search Results

Vaccination Ameliorates Cellular Inflammatory Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections

  1. Author:
    Huapaya, Julio A [ORCID]
    Higgins, Jeanette
    Kanth, Shreya
    Demirkale, Cumhur
    Gairhe, Salina
    Aboye, Etsubdink A
    Regenold, David
    Sahagun, S J
    Pastor, Gloria
    Swaim, Doris
    Dewar,Robin
    Rehman,Tauseef
    Highbarger,Helene
    Lallemand,Perrine
    Laverdure,Sylvain
    Adelsberger, Joseph
    Rupert,Adam
    Li, Willy
    Krack, Janell
    Teferi, Gebeyehu
    Kuruppu, Janaki
    Strich, Jeffrey R
    Davey, Richard
    Childs, Richard
    Chertow, Daniel
    Kovacs, Joseph A
    Barnett, Christopher
    Torabi-Parizi, Parizad
    Suffredini, Anthony F [ORCID]

  2. Author Address

    Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. 160;Frederick, Maryland, USA., Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, D.C, USA., Virus Isolation and Serology Laboratory, Applied and Developmental Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA., Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Applied and Developmental Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, Maryland, USA., AIDS Monitoring Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA., Pharmacy Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Unity Health Care, 160;Washington, D.C, USA., Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Laboratory of Transplantation Immunotherapy, Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Division of Cardiology. University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,
    1. Year: 2023
    2. Date: Feb 18
    3. Epub Date: 2023 02 18
  2. Journal: The Journal of Infectious Diseases
  4. Type of Article: Article
  1. Abstract:

    Data on cellular immune responses in persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection following vaccination are limited. The evaluation of these patients with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections may provide insight into how vaccinations limit the escalation of deleterious host inflammatory responses. We conducted a prospective study of peripheral blood cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in 21 vaccinated patients, all with mild disease, and 97 unvaccinated patients stratified based on disease severity. We enrolled 118 persons (50±14.5 years, 52 women) with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Compared to unvaccinated patients, vaccinated patients with breakthrough infections had a higher percentage of antigen presenting monocytes (HLA-DR+), mature monocytes (CD83+), functionally competent T cells (CD127+), and mature neutrophils (CD10+); and lower percentages of activated T cells (CD38+), activated neutrophils (CD64+) and immature B cells (CD127+CD19+). These differences widened with increased disease severity in unvaccinated patients. Longitudinal analysis showed that cellular activation decreased over time but persisted in unvaccinated patients with mild disease at 8-month follow-up. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections exhibit cellular immune responses that limit the progression of inflammatory responses and suggest mechanisms by which vaccination limits disease severity. These data may have implications for developing more effective vaccines and therapies. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America 2023.

    See More

  1. Keywords:

External Sources

  1. View Full Text
  2. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad045
  3. PMID: 36801946
  4. PII : 7046024

Library Notes

  1. Fiscal Year: FY2022-2023
NCI at Frederick

You are leaving a government website.

This external link provides additional information that is consistent with the intended purpose of this site. The government cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal site.

Linking to a non-federal site does not constitute an endorsement by this institution or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the site. You will be subject to the destination site's privacy policy when you follow the link.

ContinueCancel