Mucosal correlates of protection after influenza viral challenge of vaccinated and unvaccinated healthy volunteers

Author:

Bean, Rachel

Giurgea, Luca T [ORCID]

Han, Alison

Czajkowski, Lindsay

Cervantes-Medina, Adriana

Gouzoulis, Monica

Mateja,Allyson

Hunsberger, Sally

Reed, Susan

Athota, Rani

Baus, Holly Ann

Kash, John C

Park, Jaekeun

Taubenberger, Jeffery K [ORCID]

Memoli, Matthew J
Author Address

LID Clinical Studies Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA., Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Viral Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Department of Veterinary Medicine, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.,

Abstract:

The devastating potential of influenza has been well known for over 100 years. Despite the development of vaccines since the middle of the 20th century, influenza continues to be responsible for substantial global morbidity and mortality. To develop next-generation vaccines with enhanced effectiveness, we must synthesize our understanding of the complex immune mechanisms culminating in protection. Our study outlines the differences in immune responses to influenza vaccine and influenza infection, identifying potential gaps in vaccine-induced immunity, particularly at the level of the nasal mucosa. Furthermore, this research underscores the need to refine our imperfect models while recognizing potential pitfalls in past and future attempts to identify and measure correlates of protection.

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Author Address